Ask Civics 101: Who Are the United States Capitol Police?

With the January 6th insurrection at the Capitol Building, the United States Capitol Police (USCP) were thrust into the spotlight. How is this agency different from the Secret Service? We explore the founding of the USCP and some of the challenges they have faced while protecting Congress and the Capitol grounds.


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CPB:
Civics 101 is supported in part by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.

Jacqui Fulton:
With the January six insurrection at the Capitol Building, the United States Capitol Police have been thrust into the spotlight underprepared, overwhelmed, complicit in some of the ways of the Capitol.

News Archive:
Police have been described after a pro Trump mob stormed the Capitol Wednesday evening. One officer dead and another on leave after killing a protester.

This is Civics 101.I'm Jacqui Fulton. And today we're looking at the United States Capitol Police. Who are they and what is their charge?

News Archive:
Heavy cordons of police and soldiers had thrown about the capital and the president is here.

Jacqui Fulton:
The Capitol Police are a security force slash police department hybrid. They are part of the legislative branch. Their stated mission, protect Congress.

News Archive:
The Republican members of Congress were getting ready for a charity baseball game against the Democrats. When the piercing sound of gunfire shattered the peace of their morning practice in Alexandria, Virginia, the American people to know that, but for the fact that the Capitol Police who returned fire and protected us, there would have been a lot more people severely injured and they fought back even though they were wounded. That's correct.

Jacqui Fulton:
But they're more than bodyguards for the 535 members of Congress. It also protects staff, millions of visitors a year, and the family of Congress members, wherever they are in the United States.

News Archive:
The United States Capitol Police and hazardous materials outfits, and they put some sort of suspicious package, which is why this building has been evacuated.

Jacqui Fulton:
They enforced traffic regulations.

News Archive:
Washington, D.C. Capitol Hill was the scene of a car chase today that ended not far from the halls of Congress.

Jacqui Fulton:
They protect the buildings and grounds of the United States Capitol complex, which is big. The campus covers over two hundred and seventy four acres with monuments, House and Senate offices to lobby Congress, Supreme Court and more.

Jacqui Fulton:
When the Capitol building first opened in 1900, a lone watchman was hired to protect it.John Golding but the job was too big for John Allen. Security incidents kept happening. A tipping point was the assault of President John Quincy Adams son under the Capitol Rotunda. His nose was pulled and he was slapped an invitation to door. In response, his father founded the United States Capitol Police in 1828 for a Capitol watchman were given full law enforcement authority.

Jacqui Fulton:
The force has grown to more than 2300 officers and employees, their yearly budget is nearly half a billion dollars considering their small jurisdiction there.

Jacqui Fulton:
One of the most well-funded police departments in America, they even have their own intelligence unit. But that hasn't been enough to prevent all security incidents. There have been assaults, bombings, shootings on the Capitol ground. Six officers have died in the line of duty, two in an attack by gunmen in 1998. They were given the rare honor of lying in state under the Capitol Rotunda this evening once they lowered the flag.

News Archive:
They immediately raised it again halfway and left it there. A sign of mourning for the men who died under the dome.

Jacqui Fulton:
After security incidents happen, investigations are done to determine what went wrong.

CSPAN:
Yesterday, the House administration committee looked at security issues at the U.S. Capitol. Since September 11, members heard from the architect..

Jacqui Fulton:
Normally more money is allocated to beef up the force. The incident on January six will be dissected, and it's likely the Capitol Police will again have to adapt new security measures.

Jacqui Fulton:
That does it for what are the United States Capitol Police on Civics 101 you can listen to all of our episodes at Civics101podcast.org or wherever you get your podcasts.

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